Category: Fundamentals

A converged network interface, often referred to as a “converged network adapter” (CNA), is a network interface card (NIC) that…

netstat (network statistics) is a command-line utility available in most operating systems, including Windows and Unix-like systems (Linux, macOS). It…

step-by-step guide to the seven troubleshooting steps in networking, along with working examples and software tools for each step: Step…

When troubleshooting network issues, following a systematic approach can help identify and resolve problems effectively. Here are the seven steps…

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a protocol within the TCP/IP protocol suite. It is used for various network management…

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a protocol suite used for managing and monitoring network devices. It allows network administrators…

In networking, TRAPS refer to unsolicited messages or notifications that are sent by network devices, such as routers, switches, or…

The TCP/IP model, also known as the Internet Protocol Suite, is a conceptual model that describes the protocols and communication…

The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system into seven…

Wi-Fi standards define the technology used for wireless communication between devices within a local area network (LAN). Each Wi-Fi standard…